Burbot

About the Burbot

The Burbot is an unmistakable freshwater fish, often described as a cross between a catfish and an eel, or even a snake. It possesses a long, slender, olive-brown body, typically mottled with darker brown or black markings, fading to a lighter belly. A single, prominent barbel hangs from its chin, distinguishing it from most other freshwater species. Its small scales give it a smooth, slimy feel, while its two dorsal fins and long anal fin run nearly the length of its body.

Source: FishBase & iNaturalist

Habitat

Burbot are cold-water specialists, preferring the deep, oxygen-rich waters of large lakes and rivers. They are typically found near the bottom, often around rocky structures, shoals, or areas with sand and gravel substrates. During the warmer months, they retreat to the deepest, coolest parts of their habitat.

Distribution

This unique fish boasts a circumpolar distribution, found across the northern latitudes of North America, Europe, and Asia. In North America, their range extends from Alaska and Canada south into the northern United States, particularly in the Great Lakes region and various northern river systems.

Behaviour

Primarily nocturnal predators, Burbot are most active at night or during periods of low light, especially when foraging. They are opportunistic bottom-feeders, consuming a diet of aquatic insects, crustaceans, and other fish, including sculpins, perch, and even smaller Burbot. During winter, Burbot become particularly active, feeding aggressively and undertaking spawning migrations under the ice, making them a prime target for ice anglers.

Edibility

★★★★★

Often hailed as "poor man's lobster," Burbot offer superb table fare. Their firm, white, flaky meat has a delicate, sweet flavor, especially when boiled or steamed and served with butter. It's truly a hidden culinary gem among freshwater fish.

Lure suggestion

Targeting Burbot is most effective after dark or during winter ice fishing. Glow-in-the-dark jigging spoons, often tipped with a piece of cut bait like sucker or minnow, are highly effective when fished directly on the bottom. Dead bait presentations, such as a whole or cut minnow on a hook fished off a three-way swivel or a slip sinker rig, are also excellent choices. Look for them in deep holes, along transition lines, or near rocky points.